Mechanisms and evidence of vertical transmission of infections in pregnancy including SARS-CoV-2s

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dc.coverageDOI: 10.1002/pd.5765
dc.creatorMahyuddin, Aniza P.
dc.creatorKanneganti, Abhiram
dc.creatorWong, Jeslyn J.L.
dc.creatorDimri, Pooja S.
dc.creatorSu, Lin L.
dc.creatorBiswas, Arijit
dc.creatorIllanes, Sebastian E.
dc.creatorMattar, Citra N.Z.
dc.creatorHuang, Ruby Y.J.
dc.creatorChoolani, Mahesh
dc.date2020
dc.date.accessioned2025-11-18T19:53:34Z
dc.date.available2025-11-18T19:53:34Z
dc.description<p>There remain unanswered questions concerning mother-to-child-transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Despite reports of neonatal COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 has not been consistently isolated in perinatal samples, thus definitive proof of transplacental infection is still lacking. To address these questions, we assessed investigative tools used to confirm maternal-fetal infection and known protective mechanisms of the placental barrier that prevent transplacental pathogen migration. Forty studies of COVID-19 pregnancies reviewed suggest a lack of consensus on diagnostic strategy for congenital infection. Although real-time polymerase chain reaction of neonatal swabs was universally performed, a wide range of clinical samples was screened including vaginal secretions (22.5%), amniotic fluid (35%), breast milk (22.5%) and umbilical cord blood. Neonatal COVID-19 was reported in eight studies, two of which were based on the detection of SARS-CoV-2 IgM in neonatal blood. Histological examination demonstrated sparse viral particles, vascular malperfusion and inflammation in the placenta from pregnant women with COVID-19. The paucity of placental co-expression of ACE-2 and TMPRSS2, two receptors involved in cytoplasmic entry of SARS-CoV-2, may explain its relative insensitivity to transplacental infection. Viral interactions may utilise membrane receptors other than ACE-2 thus, tissue susceptibility may be broader than currently known. Further spatial-temporal studies are needed to determine the true potential for transplacental migration.</p>eng
dc.descriptionThere remain unanswered questions concerning mother-to-child-transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Despite reports of neonatal COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 has not been consistently isolated in perinatal samples, thus definitive proof of transplacental infection is still lacking. To address these questions, we assessed investigative tools used to confirm maternal-fetal infection and known protective mechanisms of the placental barrier that prevent transplacental pathogen migration. Forty studies of COVID-19 pregnancies reviewed suggest a lack of consensus on diagnostic strategy for congenital infection. Although real-time polymerase chain reaction of neonatal swabs was universally performed, a wide range of clinical samples was screened including vaginal secretions (22.5%), amniotic fluid (35%), breast milk (22.5%) and umbilical cord blood. Neonatal COVID-19 was reported in eight studies, two of which were based on the detection of SARS-CoV-2 IgM in neonatal blood. Histological examination demonstrated sparse viral particles, vascular malperfusion and inflammation in the placenta from pregnant women with COVID-19. The paucity of placental co-expression of ACE-2 and TMPRSS2, two receptors involved in cytoplasmic entry of SARS-CoV-2, may explain its relative insensitivity to transplacental infection. Viral interactions may utilise membrane receptors other than ACE-2 thus, tissue susceptibility may be broader than currently known. Further spatial-temporal studies are needed to determine the true potential for transplacental migration. © 2020 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.spa
dc.identifierhttps://investigadores.uandes.cl/en/publications/f3d72e1f-e493-44a9-a53e-7731abffd70f
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.uandes.cl/handle/uandes/58317
dc.languageeng
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.sourcevol.40 (2020) nr.13 p.1655-1670
dc.subjectCOVID-19
dc.subjectFemale
dc.subjectHumans
dc.subjectInfectious Disease Transmission
dc.subjectVertical
dc.subjectMaternal-Fetal Exchange
dc.subjectPregnancy
dc.subjectPregnancy Complications
dc.subjectInfectious; SARS-CoV-2
dc.titleMechanisms and evidence of vertical transmission of infections in pregnancy including SARS-CoV-2seng
dc.typeReview articleeng
dc.typeArtículo de revisiónspa
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