T regulatory cells-derived extracellular vesicles and their contribution to the generation of immune tolerance

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dc.coverageDOI: 10.1002/JLB.3MR0420-533RR
dc.creatorRojas, Carolina
dc.creatorCampos-Mora, Mauricio
dc.creatorCárcamo, Ignacio
dc.creatorVillalón, Natalia
dc.creatorElhusseiny, Ahmed
dc.creatorContreras-Kallens, Pamina
dc.creatorRefisch, Aarón
dc.creatorGálvez-Jirón, Felipe
dc.creatorEmparán, Ivana
dc.creatorMontoya-Riveros, Andro
dc.creatorVernal, Rolando
dc.creatorPino-Lagos, Karina
dc.date2020
dc.date.accessioned2025-11-18T19:53:55Z
dc.date.available2025-11-18T19:53:55Z
dc.description<p>T regulatory (Treg) cells have a major role in the maintenance of immune tolerance against self and foreign antigens through the control of harmful inflammation. Treg cells exert immunosuppressive function by several mechanisms, which can be distinguished as contact dependent or independent. Recently, the secretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs) by Treg cells has been reported as a novel suppressive mechanism capable of modulating immunity in a cell-contact independent and targeted manner, which has been identified in different pathologic scenarios. EVs are cell-derived membranous structures involved in physiologic and pathologic processes through protein, lipid, and genetic material exchange, which allow intercellular communication. In this review, we revise and discuss current knowledge on Treg cells-mediated immune tolerance giving special attention to the production and release of EVs. Multiple studies support that Treg cells-derived EVs represent a refined intercellular exchange device with the capacity of modulating immune responses, thus creating a tolerogenic microenvironment in a cell-free manner. The mechanisms proposed encompass miRNAs-induced gene silencing, the action of surface proteins and the transmission of enzymes. These observations gain relevance by the fact that Treg cells are susceptible to converting into effector T cells after exposition to inflammatory environments. Yet, in contrast to their cells of origin, EVs are unlikely to be modified under inflammatory conditions, highlighting the advantage of their use. Moreover, we speculate in the possibility that Treg cells may contribute to infectious tolerance via vesicle secretion, intervening with CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells differentiation and/or stability.</p>eng
dc.descriptionT regulatory (Treg) cells have a major role in the maintenance of immune tolerance against self and foreign antigens through the control of harmful inflammation. Treg cells exert immunosuppressive function by several mechanisms, which can be distinguished as contact dependent or independent. Recently, the secretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs) by Treg cells has been reported as a novel suppressive mechanism capable of modulating immunity in a cell-contact independent and targeted manner, which has been identified in different pathologic scenarios. EVs are cell-derived membranous structures involved in physiologic and pathologic processes through protein, lipid, and genetic material exchange, which allow intercellular communication. In this review, we revise and discuss current knowledge on Treg cells-mediated immune tolerance giving special attention to the production and release of EVs. Multiple studies support that Treg cells-derived EVs represent a refined intercellular exchange device with the capacity of modulating immune responses, thus creating a tolerogenic microenvironment in a cell-free manner. The mechanisms proposed encompass miRNAs-induced gene silencing, the action of surface proteins and the transmission of enzymes. These observations gain relevance by the fact that Treg cells are susceptible to converting into effector T cells after exposition to inflammatory environments. Yet, in contrast to their cells of origin, EVs are unlikely to be modified under inflammatory conditions, highlighting the advantage of their use. Moreover, we speculate in the possibility that Treg cells may contribute to infectious tolerance via vesicle secretion, intervening with CD4+ T cells differentiation and/or stability.spa
dc.identifierhttps://investigadores.uandes.cl/en/publications/22e8cb6a-4415-4cb6-8cba-e73411b4d0dc
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.uandes.cl/handle/uandes/58496
dc.languageeng
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.sourcevol.108 (2020) date: 2020-09-01 nr.3 p.813-824
dc.subjectT regulatory cells
dc.subjectextracellular vesicles
dc.subjecttolerance
dc.subjectextracellular vesicles
dc.subjectT regulatory cells
dc.subjecttolerance
dc.titleT regulatory cells-derived extracellular vesicles and their contribution to the generation of immune toleranceeng
dc.typeReview articleeng
dc.typeArtículo de revisiónspa
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