New insights into the role of the oral leukoplakia microenvironment in malignant transformation

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dc.coverageDOI: 10.3389/froh.2024.1363052
dc.creatorGonzález-Arriagada, Wilfredo Alejandro
dc.creatorCanedo-Marroquin, Gisela
dc.creatorAdorno-Farías, Daniela
dc.creatorFernández-Ramires, Ricardo
dc.date2024
dc.date.accessioned2025-11-18T19:49:39Z
dc.date.available2025-11-18T19:49:39Z
dc.description<p>Oral leukoplakia is the most frequent and potentially malignant lesion of the oral cavity. Although dysplasia grading remains the main factor for risk assessment, challenges persist in determining the exact risk of transformation, and the literature has focused on studying alternative biomarkers. The interaction between dysplastic epithelial cells and the microenvironment starts early, and the communication is mainly mediated by lymphocytes, inflammatory factors, fibroblasts, and the extracellular matrix, leading to dysplastic progression. Leukoplakia-infiltrating leukocytes (LILs) and leukoplakia-associated fibroblasts (LAFs) play crucial roles in the dysplastic microenvironment. The immune response is related to intraepithelial T lymphocyte infiltration, mechanisms of immunosuppression coordinated by regulatory T cells, M2 macrophage polarization, and increased numbers of Langerhans cells; in contrast, fibroblastic and extracellular matrix factors are associated with increased numbers of pro-tumorigenic myofibroblasts, increased expression of metalloproteinases vs. decreased expression of TIMPs, and increased expression of chemokines and other inflammatory mediators. The microenvironment offers insights into the progression of leukoplakia to carcinoma, and understanding the complexity of the oral microenvironment in potentially malignant diseases aids in determining the risk of malignant transformation and proposing new therapeutic alternatives.</p>eng
dc.identifierhttps://investigadores.uandes.cl/en/publications/83c7f4b4-5dbb-4b3b-89cf-3e7f43e1e055
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.uandes.cl/handle/uandes/56202
dc.languageeng
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.sourcevol.5 (2024) p.1-7
dc.subjectdysplasia
dc.subjectfibroblast
dc.subjectlymphocyte
dc.subjectmalignant transformation
dc.subjectmicroenvironment
dc.subjectoral cancer
dc.subjectoral leukoplakia
dc.subjectpremalignant
dc.subjectSDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being
dc.titleNew insights into the role of the oral leukoplakia microenvironment in malignant transformationeng
dc.typeShort surveyeng
dc.typeEstudio brevespa
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